Conference Abstract | Volume 8, Abstract ELIC2025451 (Oral 053) | Published: 12 Aug 2025
Stephen Ohikhuemei Izevbekhai1,2,&, Joseph Okoeguale2,3, Christian Erohubie2,4, Kelly Iraoya2,4, Mojeed Olaitan Rafiu2,4, Cyril Erameh2,4, Osahogie Edeawe2, Anthony Owolabi1, Ephraim Ogbaini-Emovon2, Ekaete Tobin2,6, Danny Asogun2,6, Peter Okokhere2,4, Sylvanus Okogbenin2,3, George Akpede2,5, Reuben Eifediyi2,3
1Department of Radiology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria, 2Institute of Viral and Emergent Pathogens Control and Research, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria, 3Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria, 4Department of Internal Medicine, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria, 5Department of Pediatrics, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria, 6Department of Community Medicine, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria
&Corresponding author: Stephen Ohikhuemei Izevbekhai, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria, Email: steveizevbekhai@gmail.com, ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-5885
Received: 31 May 2025, Accepted: 09 Jul 2025, Published: 12 Aug 2025
Domain: Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Keywords: Lassa fever, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Institute of Viral and Emergent Pathogens Control and Research, Isolation ward, Optimization of haemodialysis
©Stephen Ohikhuemei Izevbekhai et al. Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health (ISSN: 2664-2824). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Cite this article: Stephen Ohikhuemei Izevbekhai et al., Impact of optimized haemodialysis on the outcome of acute kidney injury in Lassa fever: A study at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health. 2025;8(ConfProc5):0053. https://doi.org/10.37432/JIEPH-CONFPRO5-00053
Our after-action review of the 2023 outbreak enabled us to further identify the significant contributors to mortality. Based on this, we effected a number of changes in case management during the outbreak of 2024. This was anchored on optimization of the management of patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI) and included enhanced access to dialysis, early initiation of haemodialysis, adoption of heparin-free dialysis for high-risk patients, use of flexible double-lumen femoral catheter, and albumin-augmentation in hypoalbuminemic patients. We report here the changes in outcomes due to these interventions during the 2024 outbreak.
We compared the indices of overall case fatality rate (CFR) among patients with LF in 2023 vs 2024 outbreaks, the contribution of severe AKI to case fatality in 2023 vs 2024 and CFR among patients with severe AKI in 2023 vs 2024. We compared the rates between the two outbreak seasons using using c2 or Fisher exact tests as appropriate with p <0.05 set as the level of significance for differences between the two outbreaks.
The overall case fatality in 2024 vs 2023 was 23/261 vs 38/319 (OR (95% CI) = 0.71 (0.41, 1.23), p = 0.226) and severe AKI rates 30/261 vs 31/319 (OR (95% CI) = 1.21 (0.71, 2.05), p = 0.488). The case fatality among patients with severe AKI who had haemodialysis was 20/30 vs 6/31 (OR (95% CI) = 2.08 (0.65, 6.72), p = 0.215) while the contribution of AKI to case fatality in 2024 vs 2023 was 20/23 (87%) vs 25/38 (66%) (OR (95% CI) = 3.47 (0.87, 13.87), p = 0.069).
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