Conference Abstract | Volume 8, Abstract ELIC202522 (Oral 074) | Published: 18 Aug 2025
Mojeed Olaitan Rafiu1,2,&, Ndidi Ngbeken Akerele1, Samuel Ayokunle Dada3, Christian Ehigbor Erohubie1, Sulaiman Dazumi Ahmed1,2, Yemihan Nwannebuife Ogbetere4, Johnbull Mazor Akerele5, Adewale Elijah Adetunji6, Stephan Günther7, Chukwuemeka Ogugua Azubike1,8, Peter Odion Okokhere2, George Obozokhale Akpede6,9
1Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria, 2Depart of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria, 3Nephrology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, 4Public Health Department, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria, 5Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Surgery Department, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria, 6Department of Paediatrics, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria, 7Department of Virology, Berhnard-Notch Institute of Tropical Medicine, Harmburg, Germany, 8Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Benin, Benin, Edo State, Nigeria, 9Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria
&Corresponding author: Mojeed Olaitan Rafiu, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria, Email: raphymoj2012@gmail.com
Received: 31 May 2025, Accepted: 09 Jul 2025, Published: 18 Aug 2025
Domain: Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Keywords: Severe AKI, Hemodialysis, Lassa fever, Non-LF-AKI
©Mojeed Olaitan Rafiu et al. Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health (ISSN: 2664-2824). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Cite this article: Mojeed Olaitan Rafiu et al., Contribution of Lassa fever to severe acute kidney injury in an endemic area: A retrospective observational study in southern Nigeria. Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health. 2025;8(ConfProc5):00074. https://doi.org/10.37432/JIEPH-CONFPRO5-00074
Amongst the diverse etiologies of severe acute kidney injury (AKI), Lassa fever (LF) occupies a prominent position in endemic areas of West Africa. However, there is a paucity of studies that compare the characteristics of LF and non-LF-associated cases. The objective of this study is to determine the contribution of LF to severe AKI in an endemic area, and compare the illness characteristics and factors associated with mortality in LF versus non-LF-associated AKI.
This is a retrospective observational study. We reviewed the records of all patients admitted with severe AKI from 1st January 2019 to 30th September 2022 at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH) and retrieved data on patients’ demography, clinical presentation, treatment and outcome. We compared the frequencies of categorical data and means of continuous data between patients with LF and those without LF using chi-square test, t-test and Mann-Whitney U test as appropriate, with the level of statistical significance set at p <0.05.
Fifty-four (41.5%) of 130 patients with severe AKI had LF. LF was associated with a significantly lower mean age (p = 0.013), platelet count (p = 0.010), and mean levels of indices of renal dysfunction (p 0.02 – <0.001) but there was no significant difference in mortality rates (LF 27.8%; non-LF 39.5%; p = 0.1674). Mortality was overall associated with need for inotropes, requirement for supplemental oxygen, and hemodialysis, and length of admission, but the associations with the latter and need for supplemental oxygen were only significant among patients without LF.
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