Conference Abstract | Volume 8, Abstract NACNDC/19JASH077 (Oral) | Published:  26 Nov 2025

Data-driven deployment of an AI mobile CXR van to accelerate TB detection in Eastern Uganda

Clark Joshua Brianwong1, Cherotin Diana1, Lwanga Sssekiswa Zimwanguyiza1, Bakyawa Jennifer1, Richard Jjuuko1, Patricia Nahirya1, Alexander Mugume1, Dithan Kiragga1

1Baylor Foundation Uganda

&Corresponding author: Clark Joshua Brianwong, Baylor Foundation Uganda, Email: clarkjoshua001@gamil.com, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1548-2684

Received: 30 Sep 2025, Accepted: 20 Oct 2025, Published: 26 Nov 2025

Domain: Infectious Disease Epidemiology

This is part of the Proceedings of the National Annual Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases Conference (NACNDC) and 19th Joint Annual Scientific Health (JASH) Conference 2025

Keywords: Data driven targeting; AI-assisted, digital Xray; tuberculosis; eCBSS; mobile screening

©Clark Joshua Brianwong et al. Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health (ISSN: 2664-2824). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cite this article: Clark Joshua Brianwong et al., Data-driven deployment of an AI mobile CXR van to accelerate TB detection in Eastern Uganda. Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health. 2025;8(ConfProc6):077.https://doi.org/10.37432/JIEPH-CONFPRO6-0077

Introduction

Introduction: Eastern Uganda continues to miss a sizeable share of tuberculosis (TB) cases (about 40%) despite expanded facility-based screening. Routine surveillance through the electronic Case-Based Surveillance System (eCBSS) and digital contact tracing provides granular spatiotemporal signals but remains underused for directing high-yield interventions. We used a data-driven approach that fused eCBSS and other routine “big data” streams to guide dynamic deployment of an AI-assisted mobile chest X-ray (CXR) van to accelerate TB detection.

Methods

Methods: During the September 2024 CAST+ campaign, we integrated eCBSS event data (case notifications and GPS), digital contact-tracing outputs, EMR extracts and community active-case-finding logs into a harmonized data mart. A hotspot engine (kernel-density surfaces with time-weighted clustering) generated weekly micro-catchment risk maps at the parish/village level. An optimization layer ranked outreach sites by expected yield, combining historical positivity and access. The mobile van conducted community CXR with on-site CAD/AI triage; clients exceeding predefined AI thresholds provided sputum for GeneXpert per NTLP guidance. A digitalized workflow supported consent, registration, geotagging, referrals, and linkage.

Results

Results: Across 92 mapped hotspots, 2,424 community CXR screenings were completed, with 417 abnormal reads and 178 TB cases diagnosed and started on treatment. Yield in X-ray–defined hotspots was 11%, markedly higher than symptom-only screening streams (1.2%; 69 cases among 5,503 presumptives of the 38992 screened), despite similar community contexts. The integrated workflow supported rapid referral and traceability across registration, testing, and treatment initiation.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Integrating routine surveillance with an AI-enabled mobile CXR platform and geospatial targeting increased TB detection in Eastern Uganda. This precision model directs resources to high-need micro-catchments, strengthens real-time oversight, and scales within NTLP systems. Broader adoption could raise notifications, shorten time-to-treatment, and accelerate End TB progress where access barriers and delays persist.

 
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