Conference Abstract | Volume 8, Abstract ELIC2025101 (Oral 099)| Published: 14 Aug 2025
Zacchaeus Adeniran Adejuyigbe1,2,&, Adama Abubakar Ahmad1, Item Inya Item1, Sa’adatu Aliyu Abubakar1, Leviticus Dansura Mangpin1,2, James Christopher Avong1, Muhammad Bashir Mika’il2, Jibril Imram2, Olajumoke Babatunde1, Adamu Ishaku Akyala2
1National Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria, 2Global Health and Infectious Disease Institute, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State
&Corresponding author: Zacchaeus Adeniran Adejuyigbe, National Reference Laboratory, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria, Email: adezacks@gmail.com
Received: 31 May 2025, Accepted: 09 Jul 2025, Published: 14 Aug 2025
Domain: Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Keywords: Lassa fever, case-definition, suspected case, confirmed case, case fatality rate
©Zacchaeus Adeniran Adejuyigbe et al. Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health (ISSN: 2664-2824). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Cite this article: Zacchaeus Adeniran Adejuyigbe et al., Epidemiological trend of Lassa fever in Nigeria from 2015-2024. Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health. 2025;8(ConfProc5):00099. https://doi.org/10.37432/JIEPH-CONFPRO5-00099
Lassa fever remains a significant public health concern in Nigeria, with rising incidence and high fatality rates. Targeted interventions are needed in hotspot states such as Edo, Ondo, and Taraba. Enhanced surveillance, early detection, and public health education should be prioritized.
A retrospective analysis of epidemiological data of the burden of Lassa fever from 2015 to 2024 was conducted using data from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) website and other relevant sources to understand the epidemiological trend of the disease. Key variables analysed included demographic characteristics, geographical distribution, seasonal trends, and case fatality rates. The analysis was done using descriptive statistics.
A total of 49,480 suspected Lassa fever cases were tested, out of which 7080 (14.3%) cases were laboratory confirmed in 29 states. Case fatality rates were between 9.3% and 27.0%. Predominant age group affected was 21 to 30 years with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. Median age was 31 years, and age range was between 0 and 98 years. Edo, Ondo, Taraba, Ebonyi, Bauchi, Plateau and Nasarawa states were most affected yearly. Lassa fever cases increased from 25 confirmed cases in 2015 to 1,309 in 2024. Yearly incidence of the disease peaked between weeks 1 and 13, with a sharp decline towards the middle of year.
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